Jan 23, 2021

INTRODUCTON TO JOURNALISM: Readings for Students

Disclaimer: The content below is shared to help students prepare notes during Covid-19.   


SEMESTER-1 READINGS: INTRODUCTION OF JOURNALISM


Unit I- Understanding News

Ingredients of news 

Links: 

https://www.owlgen.in/discuss-about-ingredients-of-the-news/


News: Meaning, definition, nature

Links: 

http://studylecturenotes.com/what-is-news-meaning-definition-and-sources-of-news/


 

The news process: from the event to the reader (how news is carried from event to reader)

Links:  

https://processofwritingnews.wordpress.com/chapter-two-turning-information-into-news/


 

Attribution, on-record, off-the record, embargo

Links: 

https://www.thenewsmanual.net/Manuals%20Volume%201/volume1_09.htm\

https://www.thoughtco.com/attribution-when-writing-news-stories-2074313\

https://rethinkmedia.org/blog/on-record-off-record-on-background-and-not-attribution-explained

https://www-writersdigest-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.writersdigest.com/.amp/online-exclusives/journo-jargon-on-the-record-vs-off-the-record-vs-on-background?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112098571577&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.writersdigest.com%2Fonline-exclusives%2Fjourno-jargon-on-the-record-vs-off-the-record-vs-on-background

https://www.thebalancesmb.com/off-the-record-on-background-and-not-for-attribution-2295934

https://publicrelationssydney.com.au/embargoes-what-are-they-and-when-to-use-them-2/

https://university-relations.umn.edu/blog/2018/08/31/what%E2%80%99s-news-embargo

 

Verification, balance, fairness, brevity, dateline, credit line and byline

Links:

https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/journalism-essentials/verification-accuracy/journalism-discipline-verification/


Unit II - Different forms of print-A historical perspective

Yellow journalism

Links: 

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-yellow-journalism.html


Penny press, tabloid press

Links: 

https://www.thoughtco.com/penny-press-definition-1773293


 

Language of news- Robert Gunning: Principles of clear writing

Rudolf Flesch formula- skills to write news

Links -

http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~wstarbuc/Writing/Flesch.htm

https://marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/flesch-formula/amp/

https://academic.udayton.edu/cmm330/Topics/9_Lectures&Guides/Writing/GunningsTen.htm

https://www.trindent.com/ten-principles-of-clear-statements-for-business-writing

 

Unit III - Understanding the structure and construction of news

Links: 

https://www.slideshare.net/Brett509/organizing-a-news-story 

http://www.uvm.edu/~jbrown7/envjournalism/principles%20of%20news%20and%20newswriting.html 

 https://www.universalclass.com/articles/writing/crafting-and-structuring-the-news-story-in-journalism.htm 

https://premium.wpmudev.org/blog/a-simple-sure-fire-way-to-create-great-content-the-5-w-the-h/

https://writingcooperative.com/how-to-structure-an-article-the-inverted-pyramid-8fa0c165fcae 

https://www.digitalthirdcoast.com/blog/values-content-newsworthy 

https://ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/who-we-are/5-principles-of-journalism 

https://www.thenewsmanual.net/Manuals%20Volume%203/volume3_59.htm 

https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/Brett509/organizing-a-news-story

https://www.thoughtco.com/how-to-structure-news-stories-2074332

https://www.thoughtco.com/journalists-questions-5-ws-and-h-1691205

http://www.journogyan.com/2017/03/news-writing-five-ws-and-one-h.html?m=1

https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/stratcommwriting/chapter/inverted-pyramid-style/

 

Criteria for newsworthiness, principles of news selection

Links: 

https://uptakedigital.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/115002236474-The-Seven-Elements-of-Newsworthiness

https://www.sourcebottle.com/blog/WHAT-DOES-NEWSWORTHY-MEAN-AND-WHY-DOES-IT-MATTER

http://www.uvm.edu/~jbrown7/envjournalism/principles%20of%20news%20and%20newswriting.html

https://blogs.setonhill.edu/Journalism/2007/11/chris-ulicne-test-handout-60.html

https://ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/who-we-are/5-principles-of-journalism

 

Use of archives, sources of news, use of internet

Links:  

https://onemanandhisblog.com/2019/04/beyond-news-understanding-the-role-of-archives-in-journalism-businesses/

 https://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/archive-centre/introduction-to-archives/a/1#:~:text=Archive%20(External%20Site)-,Why%20Are%20Archives%20Important%3F,identity%20and%20understanding%20of%20cultures.

https://uwm.edu/speakersbureau/presentations/the-importance-of-records-and-archives-in-society/

http://studylecturenotes.com/source-of-news-in-journalism-radio-tv-newspapers-magazines/

https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/shalinipandey77985/ppt-final-31794762

  

Unit IV – Different mediums-a comparison

Language and principles of writing on different media platforms 

Links: 

https://www.google.com/url?q=http://osou.ac.in/eresources/Different%2520types%2520of%2520media%2520and%2520reporting.pdf&usg=AFQjCNGPyOwSgqYbz3PtlZfLjrR8nlcJjA 


Basic differences between the print, electronic and online journalism, Citizen Journalism

Links:

https://www-geeksforgeeks-org.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-print-media-and-electronic-media/amp/?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112133380412&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geeksforgeeks.org%2Fdifference-between-print-media-and-electronic-media%2F

https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-print-and-electronic-media.html

https://www.britannica.com/topic/citizen-journalism

https://blogs.setonhill.edu/Journalism/2007/11/chris-ulicne-test-handout-60.html

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/2386/citizen-journalism

 https://yourstory.com/mystory/online-journalism

 

Unit V- Role of Media in a democracy

Responsibility to Society

Links:

https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-studies/social-responsibilities-of-business/kinds-of-social-responsibility/

http://www.ojr.org/p1648/#:~:text=The%20intention%20behind%20such%20approaches,common%20consumers%20of%20the%20news.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/216422046_SOCIAL_RESPONSIBILITY_OF_MEDIA_AND_INDIAN_DEMOCRACY

  

Press and Democracy 

Links: https://www.philosophytalk.org/shows/democracy-and-press

https://opentextbc.ca/mediastudies101/chapter/media-and-democracy/

https://blog-ipleaders-in.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/blog.ipleaders.in/media-democracy-indispensable-relationship/amp/?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112138505351&amp_ct=1611213855227&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.ipleaders.in%2Fmedia-democracy-indispensable-relationship%2F

 

Contemporary debates and issues relating to media 

Links:

https://mediasmarts.ca/digital-media-literacy/media-issues

https://study.com/academy/lesson/contemporary-journalism-its-role-in-society.html

https://www.abci.in/article-media-ethics.htm


Paid news

Links:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paid_news_in_India

https://nenow-in.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/paid-news-threat-to-media-credibility.html/amp?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112143404784&amp_ct=1611214385178&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fnenow.in%2Fnorth-east-news%2Fassam%2Fpaid-news-threat-to-media-credibility.html

https://blog-ipleaders-in.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/blog.ipleaders.in/story-behind-paid-news-elections/amp/?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112143404784&amp_ct=1611214406857&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.ipleaders.in%2Fstory-behind-paid-news-elections%2F

https://www.livemint.com/Sundayapp/99wmj0hcFnXQtSKIHlrH0I/Paid-news-and-the-economics-of-the-news-industry.html

  

Ethics in journalism

Links: 

https://ethicaljournalismnetwork-org.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/resources/publications/ethical-journalism/journalism-ethics?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&amp&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16112144701298&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fethicaljournalismnetwork.org%2Fresources%2Fpublications%2Fethical-journalism%2Fjournalism-ethics

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-ethics-in-journalism-learn-about-journalism-ethics-with-tips-from-legendary-journalist-bob-woodward#what-are-ethics-in-journalism

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journalism_ethics_and_standards

https://ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/resources/publications/ethical-journalism/journalism-ethics

https://thescrbblr.in/20304-2/

https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/republic-tv-making-trp-scam-fir-a-media-spectacle-mumbai-police

https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/trp-scam-case-times-group-plans-to-take-legal-action-against-barc-121012201367_1.html#:~:text=As%20evidence%20of%20massive%20television,India%20%2D%2D%20for%20massive%20loss

 ***

9 comments:

Anonymous said...

YELLOW JOURNALISM

It can be stated that yellow journalism is a type pf journalism or the form of reporting characterized by sensationalism, exaggeration, and misleading headlines.

It emerged in 1890s as a result of intense competition between the two New York city based newspapers Journal and the New York World.

This approach, which was popularized during the late 19th century, relied on sensational headlines, sensational stories, and the exploitation of public fears and prejudices to boost circulation and readership. So it is often said that "Yellow journalism is a scourge on the credibility of the media, a betrayal of the public's trust, and a disservice to the truth."

Despite its negative impact on the credibility of journalism and the public's trust in the media, yellow journalism continues to be a relevant issue in today's media landscape. With the rise of online media, the ease of publishing information, and the growing competition for audience attention, there is a risk that some journalists and news organizations may resort to sensationalism to attract readers and boost viewership.

As a result, it is important for journalists and news organizations to adhere to ethical standards, to prioritize accuracy and fairness in their reporting, and to reject the temptation to engage in sensationalism for the sake of boosting readership. This commitment to ethical journalism will help to maintain the credibility of the media and to preserve the public's trust in the news.


Example:
Clickbait is a modern form of yellow journalism that is widely popular all over the internet sites i.e. YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and all other social media platforms in the contemporary world, and it undermines the very ethics of journalism.

shreya kela said...

Yellow journalism is characterised as sensational, exaggerated and misleading. Yellow Journalism is still prevalent in today’s time in the form of click baits. All over Internet sites we find catchy and deceptive thumb nails that try to lure and manipulate the audience. Yellow journalism, which was used by the New York journal and New York World in the 1890s, is still used to boost newspaper circulation which undermines new veracity and accuracy. With change in time it is practised more to create havoc among the public by fabricating the truth and presenting the information in a way that intends to excite the public even if the details of the story is not true.
In terms of media it is said 'If it bleeds, it leads'.

SHAMBHAVI SHARMA said...

YELLOW JOURNALISM

It can be stated that yellow journalism is a type pf journalism or the form of reporting characterized by sensationalism, exaggeration, and misleading headlines.

It emerged in 1890s as a result of intense competition between the two New York city based newspapers Journal and the New York World.

This approach, which was popularized during the late 19th century, relied on sensational headlines, sensational stories, and the exploitation of public fears and prejudices to boost circulation and readership. So it is often said that "Yellow journalism is a scourge on the credibility of the media, a betrayal of the public's trust, and a disservice to the truth."

Despite its negative impact on the credibility of journalism and the public's trust in the media, yellow journalism continues to be a relevant issue in today's media landscape. With the rise of online media, the ease of publishing information, and the growing competition for audience attention, there is a risk that some journalists and news organizations may resort to sensationalism to attract readers and boost viewership.

As a result, it is important for journalists and news organizations to adhere to ethical standards, to prioritize accuracy and fairness in their reporting, and to reject the temptation to engage in sensationalism for the sake of boosting readership. This commitment to ethical journalism will help to maintain the credibility of the media and to preserve the public's trust in the news.


Example:
Clickbait is a modern form of yellow journalism that is widely popular all over the internet sites i.e. YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and all other social media platforms in the contemporary world, and it undermines the very ethics of journalism.

Lipika said...

I understood that While the term "yellow journalism" is less commonly used today, the practices of sensationalism and exaggeration are still present in some modern media outlets. However, the rise of fact-checking and accountability in journalism has made it increasingly important for news organizations to prioritize accuracy and impartiality in their reporting, rather than resorting to sensationalist tactics to attract readers.

Lipika,

Angel Noah said...

Yellow Journalism is the type of reporting where the news has been sensationalized and their only goal is to increase sales and viewership hence increasing their profit margin. Yellow journalism is considered highly unethical and is looked down upon. While it did change the print media especially newspapers and their source of income greatly, this sort of false or twisted reporting of truth is highly unethical.

Penny Press: Penny press was the newspaper that was sold for a Penny hence making this available for the average people who were before unavailable to access this medium. Penny Press was revolutionary when it came up, not only did it change the world of journalism but it also increased workers' movements and activism among the worker class changing and impacting the world greatly.

Muskan Giri said...

Ma'am the blog helped me understand yellow journalism in a detailed manner like what are the effect meaning or is it in still use and it is very helpful content thank you ma'am

Gahana Thorat said...

Yellow journalism refers to the practice of journalism where the main motive is the increase in sales. It is a very unethical form of journalism as it is dependent on sensationalization and exaggeration.
The history of yellow journalism is what I found really interesting.
Also through the blog the it is much easy to learn the topic through the links provided instead of wandering over whole internet.

Anushka Mehta said...

This concept was very new to me but these links were really helpful for understanding of this concept.
From the links I get to know that Yellow journalism was a style of reporting that emerged in the late 19th century.While it was useful in attracting readers and increasing circulation for newspapers, it was widely criticized for its lack of journalistic integrity and its potential to manipulate public opinion. Yellow journalism played a role in shaping public attitudes towards the Spanish-American War and in contributing to the growing influence of the media on politics and society.

Rhythm said...

Yellow journalism is journalism that presents little or no legitimate, well-researched news. It uses eye-catching headlines for increased viewership. It includes exaggeration, sensationalism, click bait etc. It can also be called fake news. It originated as a result of the competition between two newspapers—New York World and New York Journal.